The history of Egypt
In the fourth millennium BC two political alliances were formed from the numerous territorial formations. And these political alliances were the Upper Egypt and the Lower Egypt. The creation of the one unique country was realised by the ruler of the Upper Egypt that was Menes. And the capital of this country became the city Memphis in the southern part of the Nile valley. By the end of the fourth millennium and by the beginning of the third millennium the first monuments written with hieroglyphs were made.
Then Egypt enters the range of battles with the neighbour tribes. And in the 28-23 centuries BC the Egyptian civilization was formed. The unity of the country was pharaoh. He was the head of all cults in Ancient Egypt. And the reflection of such cult was the building of numerous pyramids. Later Egypt was divided into numerous Nomes. In fact the development of Egypt can be divided into several epochs such as the Early Kingdom, the Middle Kingdom and the Late Kingdom. And the culture epochs are also divided according to these epochs.
In 332 BC the army of Alexander the Great entered Egypt and Ancient Egypt became the part of his country. After the division of his Empire Ancient Egypt became the province of Ptolomaeus that founded the Greek and the Macedonian Dynasty. The capital of the country during this period was Alexandria. During his ruling Egypt was the main provider with bread and its fleet was the greatest in Mediterranean.